Volume XVI, Number 1, 2020

ABSTRACT – The main function of the public transport systems is mobilty, which contributes to the competitiveness and to the appropriate quality of life and cohesion of the society. The main actors of the transportation systems are the passengers, the servicing suppliers and the decision-making authorities and organizations (such as government, local governments and professional authorities). In the present study, the authors provide a thorough insight to the state of the passenger transport by rail between Hungary and Romania including the development possibilities in the future.

ABSTRACT – Measures targeting the agricultural sector, comprised in the National Rural Development Programs are important factors involved in the intricate process of modernization and adaptation of Romanian agriculture to the European standards. The present paper analyses five measures addressing agriculture in the National Rural Development Plan of 2007-2013 and the six similar sub-measures in the National Rural Development Plan of 2014-2020. These measures follow several main types of interventions: support for young farmers or semi-subsistence and small farms, investments in the agricultural production and establishment of new infrastructures. We have analysed the spatial distribution of contracted projects on these specific measures in the Apuseni Mountains, with the outlining of areas with high concentration of projects and areas lacking in such initiatives, while trying to refer to the regional disparities that can thus be further deepened or attenuated.

ABSTRACT – Human settlements are result of various factors such as physical, climatic, economic, social, cultural, ethnic, and religious. They are greatly influenced by the physiography of any region. The physical factors influence not only the type of settlements, but also their pattern, orientation, distribution, and population size of settlements. The present study is an effort to analyse the spatial dimension of human settlements in various physiographic regions of Nagaur district, which is a part of central Rajasthan and lies in the Great Indian Desert, i.e. ‘Thar’. The size of human settlements varies not only in terms of area, but also in terms of its population in all the physiographic regions of the district. Human settlements in the area under analysis are mainly classified into four different groups based on population and the status of these four groups in different physiographic divisions. The paper highlights the various types of settlements in various physiographic regions through spatial analysis. The research results indicate that the types of settlements in the area are highly influenced by the physical factors.